Since superconductors can transport electric energy without loss at zero resistance, it is expected to be one of the promising materials for solving environmental energy problems. We have been focusing on the basic physical properties of iron-based superconductors, diamond superconductors, high-temperature superconductors, carbon nanotubes, etc. We are also developing superconducting wires using new superconducting materials. Recently, we are trying to search for the new substances by machine learning using material databases, and are discovering new superconductors one after another, aiming to discover room temperature superconductors. We are also working on new magnetic refrigeration materials to be incorporated in magnetic refrigeration equipment for highly efficient hydrogen liquefaction, and here again, we narrowed down candidate substances by machine learning and combined the experience of researchers to search for new substances.

We are investigating the FeSe superconductor which has the simplest crystal structure among iron-based superconductors. It was found that the Tc of FeSe is enhanced up to 37K under high pressure. For practical applications, FeSe superconducting wire is also fabricated. We have discovered a new superconductor of S-doped FeTe as shown in Fig. 1,2. Everyone has a chance to discover new superconductors. The ultimate goal of our research is to find superconductors that operate at room temperature.

Nanostructured materials have the potential to improve performance and create new functions in energy-related devices. We are currently developing the next-generation photovoltaic cells using functionalized semiconductor nanostructures to realize both low-cost and high efficiency. In addition to energy harvesting, we are also interesting energy storage such as batteries. We are developing new materials with higher capacity and long cycle properties by constructing Si-related nanocomposite materials.

(1) Physical property measuring device using the world's hardest diamond as an electrode.
Under ultrahigh pressure, very interesting physical phenomena such as room temperature superconductivity of hydrogen have been predicted. On the other hand, in order to measure physical properties under such an extreme high-pressure environment, there are various difficulties such as the problem of electrode strength. Therefore, we processed the boron-doped diamond, which is the hardest electrode in the world, into an electrode by the microfabrication technology, and developed the world's first diamond electrode-introduced pressure device.

(2) Successful generation of ultra high pressure of 100 GPa or higher
As a result of a pressure experiment using the developed diamond electrode-introduced pressure device, we succeeded in generating an ultrahigh pressure of 100 GPa. It is expected to be applied to the observation of various physical phenomena that occur in the multi-megabar region.

(3) Discovery of new superconductors by machine learning
The discovery of superconductors often depends on the experience, intuition, and contingency of researchers, and there have been discussions on serendipity in it. The Takano Group first picks up the candidates of new superconducting substances that are expected to develop superconductivity by applying pressure by machine learning and confirms whether they become superconducting. So far, we have discovered SnBi2Se4, PbBi2Te4, etc., and the candidate substances show almost 100% superconductivity.

(1) Toward a hydrogen society
In 2017, the government established the “Basic Hydrogen Strategy”, and various research and development are being carried out through industry-academia-government collaboration toward the realization of a hydrogen-using society in 2030. Japan-Australia jointly aims to improve Japan's energy situation and reduce CO2 warming gas by hydrogen from brown coal in Latrobe Valley, Victoria. Hydrogen is liquefied locally, then transported to Japan, and is used hydrogen power generation.

(2) Development of high-performance magnetic refrigeration materials
Using a learning model, we searched for a candidate substance of magnetic refrigeration materials near the hydrogen liquefaction temperature. By actually measuring and evaluating the magnetic transition temperature, entropy change, and magnetic refrigeration performance evaluation value (RCP) of the candidate substances, we found the HoB2 material with the world's highest performance compared with the substances reported so far. .. Currently, we are conducting research on magnetic structure, basic physical properties, control of magnetic transition temperature by doping, and implementation for actual magnetic refrigeration AMR equipment.