a TU Darmstadt, Material Science, Functional Materials, Germany
b Fraunhofer Project Group Materials Recycling and Resource Strategy IWKS, Hanau, Germany
Abstract:
The talk focuses on heavy rare earth reduced, rare earth balance magnets, and rare earth free permanent magnets 1,2 with an emphasis on their optimization for energy and resource efficiency in terms critical element utilization. The concept of criticality of strategic metals is explained by looking at demand, sustainability and the reality of alternatives of rare earths. Modelling, synthesis, characterization, and property evaluation of the materials will be discussed considering their micromagnetic length scales and phase transition characteristics.
Specifically, I will expand on our recent works on Ce-, La-, Dy and Tb-substitutions in sintered, hot pressed and HDDR processed Nd2Fe14B-type magnets 3. I will also summarise our recent activities on the Fe-nitrides 4 and if time allows go into the MnX (X=Mn, Al, Bi) 5 systems. The talk will conclude with an assessment of the substitutionability of benchmark Nd2Fe14B-magnets in various applications.
Specifically, I will expand on our recent works on Ce-, La-, Dy and Tb-substitutions in sintered, hot pressed and HDDR processed Nd2Fe14B-type magnets 3. I will also summarise our recent activities on the Fe-nitrides 4 and if time allows go into the MnX (X=Mn, Al, Bi) 5 systems. The talk will conclude with an assessment of the substitutionability of benchmark Nd2Fe14B-magnets in various applications.
1 Magnetic Materials and Devices for the 21st Century: Stronger, Lighter, and More Energy Efficient, Adv. Mat. 23 (2011) 821.
2 Towards high-performance permanent magnets without rare earths, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 26 (2014) 064205
3 Experimental and Computational Analysis of Magnetization Reversal in (Nd,Dy)-Fe-B Core Shell Sintered Magnets, Acta Materialia, in press; Grain boundary diffusion of different rare earth elements in Nd-Fe-B sintered magnets by experiment and FEM simulation, Acta Materialia 124 (2017) 421.
4 Synthesis, morphology, thermal stability and magnetic properties of α''-Fe16N2 nanoparticles obtained by hydrogen reduction of γ-Fe2O3 and subsequent nitrogenation, Acta Mat. 123 (2017) 214; Engineering perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in Fe via interstitial nitrogenation: N choose K, APL Mater. 4 (2016) 116104.
5 Temperature-dependent first-order reversal curve measurements on unusually hard magnetic low-temperature phase of MnBi, Phys. Rev B 95 (2017) 024413; Magnet properties of Mn70Ga30 prepared by cold rolling and magnetic field annealing, JMMM 382 (2015) 265.
2 Towards high-performance permanent magnets without rare earths, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 26 (2014) 064205
3 Experimental and Computational Analysis of Magnetization Reversal in (Nd,Dy)-Fe-B Core Shell Sintered Magnets, Acta Materialia, in press; Grain boundary diffusion of different rare earth elements in Nd-Fe-B sintered magnets by experiment and FEM simulation, Acta Materialia 124 (2017) 421.
4 Synthesis, morphology, thermal stability and magnetic properties of α''-Fe16N2 nanoparticles obtained by hydrogen reduction of γ-Fe2O3 and subsequent nitrogenation, Acta Mat. 123 (2017) 214; Engineering perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in Fe via interstitial nitrogenation: N choose K, APL Mater. 4 (2016) 116104.
5 Temperature-dependent first-order reversal curve measurements on unusually hard magnetic low-temperature phase of MnBi, Phys. Rev B 95 (2017) 024413; Magnet properties of Mn70Ga30 prepared by cold rolling and magnetic field annealing, JMMM 382 (2015) 265.
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