RESEARCH

4. Layer-by-Layer (LbL) and Electrochemical Coupling LbL (ECC-LbL) Materials

The layer-by-layer method as developed by Gero Decher is a facile and elegant method for preparing highly structured films of complex composition. We have used this technique to develop novel drug delivery systems…. More recently, we have introduced the electrochemical LbL method for preparing nanostructured films of donor-acceptor systems and C₆₀-functionalized polymers.

A brightly colored depiction of the layer-by-layer method illustrating its flexibility in application for the synthesis of films with many individual components.

Layer-by-layer mesoporous carbons for sensing applications using quartz crystal microbalance technology.

Electrochemical layer-by-layer for preparation of functional films at electrode surfaces. Films can be prepared containing porphyrin and fullerene units for photoactive film applications.

Related publications

M. Li, S. Ishihara, K. Ohkubo, M. Liao, Q. Ji, C. Gu, Y. Pan, X. Jiang, M. Akada, J. P. Hill, T. Nakanishi, Y. Ma, Y. Yamauchi, S. Fukuzumi and K. Ariga. “Electrochemical Synthesis of Transparent, Amorphous C₆₀-Rich Photoactive Low Doped Film with Interconnected Structure” Small (2013) 9, 2064–2068. [Link ]
K. Ariga, Q. Ji, J. P. Hill, Y. Bando and M. Aono. “Forming Nanomaterials as Layered Functional Structures towards Materials Nanoarchitectonics” NPG Asia Mater. (2012) 4, e17. [Link ]
K. Ariga, Q. Ji and J. P. Hill. “Novel Multilayer Thin Films: Hierarchic Layer-by-Layer (Hi-LbL) Assemblies” in Multilayer Thin Films: Sequential Assembly of Nanocomposite Materials, 2nd Edition
Editors: Gero Decher and Joseph Schlenoff. Publisher: Wiley-VCH (2012) 69–80. [Link ]
M. Li, S. Ishihara, M. Akada, M. Liao, L. Sang, J. P. Hill, V. Krishnan, Y. Ma and K. Ariga.
“Electrochemical Coupling Layer-by-Layer (ECC-LbL) Assembly” J. Am. Chem. Soc. (2011) 133, 7348–7351. [Link ]
K. Ariga, Y. M. Lvov, K. Kawakami, Q. Ji and J. P. Hill. “Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Shells for Drug Delivery” Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. (2011) 63, 762–771. [Link ]
K. Ariga, M. McShane, Y. M. Lvov, Q. Ji and J. P. Hill. “Layer-by-Layer Assembly for Drug Delivery and Related Applications” Expert Opin. Drug Deliv. (2011) 8, 633–644. [Link ]
N. Fujii, K. Fujimoto, T. Michinobu, M. Akada, J. P. Hill, S. Shiratori, K. Ariga and K. Shigehara. “The Simplest Layer-by-Layer Assembly Structure: Best Paired Polymer Electrolytes with One Charge per Main Chain Carbon Atom for Multilayered Thin Films” Macromolecules (2010) 43, 3947–3955. [Link ]
K. Ariga, Q. Ji and J. P. Hill. “Enzyme-Encapsulated Layer-by-Layer Assemblies: Current Status and Challenges toward Ultimate Nanodevices” Adv. Polym. Sci. (2010) 229, 51–87. [Link ]
Q. Ji, S. B. Yoon, J. P. Hill, A. Vinu, J.-S. Yu and K. Ariga. “Layer-by-Layer Films of Dual-Pore Carbon Capsules with Designable Selectivity of Gas Adsorption” J. Am. Chem. Soc. (2009) 131, 4220–4221. [Link ]
K. Ariga, Q. Ji, J. P. Hill and A. Vinu. “Coupling of Soft Technology (Layer-by-Layer assembly) with Hard Materials (Mesoporous Solids) to give Hierarchic Functional Structures” Soft Matter (2009) 5, 3562–3571. [Link ]
K. Ariga, A. Vinu, Q. Ji, O. Ohmori, J. P. Hill, S. Acharya, J. Koike and S. Shiratori. “A Layered Mesoporous Carbon Sensor Based on Nanopore-Filling Cooperative Adsorption in the Liquid Phase” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. (2008) 47, 7254–7257. [Link ]
K. Ariga, J. P. Hill and Q. Ji. “Layer-by-Layer Assembly as a Versatile Bottom-Up Nanofabrication Technique for Exploratory Research and Realistic Application” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. (2007) 9, 2319–2340. [Link ]